This is an abnormal dilation of a blood vessel. There are several factors taken into consideration to determine the risk of rupture. These factors will also determine if treatment is needed. Treatment can consist of surgery, endovascular therapy or observation. Smoking and high blood pressure are risk factors for aneurysms.

This is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins. This malformation can have rapid blood flow which could cause a rupture. There are several factors taken into consideration to determine a treatment plan. Treatments include surgery, endovascular therapy, gamma knife radiation or a combination of treatments.

This can be spontaneous or due to trauma. There are several forms of brain hemorrhages. Some hemorrhages can be monitored while others may need surgical intervention.

This includes a wide variety of possibilities, from benign to malignant tumors. Brain tumors can arise from a metastatic process, where a tumor spreads to the brain. Brain tumors can also arise from the brain itself. Treatment can range from close follow up, surgical resection and gamma knife radiation.

• Acoustic Neuroma
  This is a benign tumor that develops on the balance and hearing, or auditory nerves of the brain. The pressure on the nerve from the tumor may cause hearing loss and imbalance.
• Glioma
  This is a brain tumor that originates from the brain tissue. This can range from a grade 1 benign tumor to a grade 4 malignant tumor, also known as glioblastoma.
• Meningioma
  This is typically a benign tumor that originates from the covering of the brain. In rare cases, meningiomas can be malignant.
• Pituitary Tumors
  These are usually benign tumors originating from the pituitary gland, which is involved in hormone secretion. Sometimes, these tumors can be treated with medication. If the tumor is large enough or if other structures are at risk of damage, surgery is performed through the nose.

This is a condition where an abnormal amount of brain tissue at the back of the skull bulges through a normal opening of the causing pressure on the spinal cord. This can cause a wide variety of symptoms to include headache, blurry vision, shocking sensation in arms, weakness, etc. Treatments can range from non-surgical to surgical.

This is a general term used to describe several findings in the spine. This is usually an age related process that can affect discs, joints, and nerves. Treatment can range from non-surgical to surgical depending on severity and symptoms.

This is a central nervous system disorder where brain activity becomes abnormal causing seizures, unusual behaviors and unusual sensations.

A disc sits between the bones of our spine to provide cushion, support and nutrients. Numerous factors can contribute to displacement of a disc from its original position. When herniated, it can cause nerve compression, which can lead to numbness, tingling, pain, or weakness. Treatment can range from non-surgical to surgical.

This is a brain condition where there is increased spinal fluid in the cranial cavity. This is caused by a wide variety of possibilities. If the hydrocephalus is severe it can cause various symptoms that can be treated with surgical intervention.

This is similar to a herniated disc, where the disc located between the bones of the spine is affected. The displacement of the disc can cause nerve compression, leading to a wide variety of symptoms including back and leg pain. Treatment ranges from non-surgical to surgical.

This can be a traumatic or degenerative process of the sacroiliac joint, which is located between the hip and tailbone. This causes low back pain. Treatment can range from non-surgical to surgical.

This is abnormal curvature to the spine. When scoliosis is mild, surgical intervention is not needed. When severe, it can affect one’s physical ability and cause other symptoms. If severe, this is treated surgically with traditional or minimally invasive spine surgery.

This includes diseases that involve the base of the skull. These surgeries tend to be some of the most complicated surgeries in neurosurgery because of the numerous blood vessels and nerves present in a small, confined area.

This is a change in the alignment of the spinal column that can cause abnormal curvature causing significant pain. It can occur in the thoracic and lumbar spine. Treatments range from non-surgical to surgical.

A fracture in one of the bones of the spine, this can be a stable or unstable fracture. Unstable fractures usually require treatment, which range from outpatient procedures to spinal stabilization.

This describes a condition where degeneration causes nerve compression, usually at multiple levels. Depending on the severity, the treatments vary from nonsurgical to surgical options.

This includes a wide variety of possibilities, ranging from benign to malignant. Spine tumors can cause spinal cord or nerve dysfunction. There are different treatment options, ranging from minimally invasive treatment options to surgical resection.

A term used to describe a malalignment of the bones in the spine. It is when one of the vertebral bodies slips over another. This can exist in the neck and low back region, causing pain in that area. The symptoms can range from mild to severe. Treatments range from non-surgical to surgical.

A medical term to describe degeneration of the spine. This can involve any portion of the spine and it does not always cause symptoms.

This is a condition where there is disruption in the normal function of the brain caused by a bump, blow or jolt to the head. Treatment can range from rest to using over the counter pain relievers. Severe injury can lead to devastating consequences.

This is a periodic, excruciating facial pain that is usually brought on by simple tasks such as drinking, brushing teeth and eating. It can also be spontaneous. There are several treatment options available for this disease dependent on severity.